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Domestic Fuels


Fuel Prices

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Domestic Fuel Prices

Most of this site is dedicated to giving its visitors useful indicative cost information related to the use of energy in and around your place of residence.  Depending upon what is within your control where you live, it is hoped that this information will help you save money and help you make sensible cost based decisions regarding what equipment to invest in, to reduce costs.

Getting to the actual cost of energy in your area, in you type of accommodation and with consideration for your personal circumstances is close to impossible because there is so much variety. The best that can be achieved is to have an average for each major fuel type. For those of you that are interested the range of prices in the UK for most fuels is presented in the table below . It should be noted that the values presented here vary with time and the cost of fuel in the overall economy, as a consequence these values are regularly updated and as they are updated all the costs in the site change automatically.

The most accessible figures are for  electricity and natural gas since these are the main sources of energy for most households in the UK.  Using the BERR (Department for Business, Enterprise & Regulatory Reform) quarterly review, the following tables summarise the three main billing methods and provide the largest and smallest unit rates in the UK and then the average of these.  The total annual rates are based on the average use per household in the UK. Prepayment was a lot more expensive in 2008 it appears to have reduced dramatically this is good news since typically those who can least afford it were forced onto expensive prepayment tarrifs!

The prices currently in use on this site are in the bar chart below, they include VAT and delivery where appropriate.

energy prices kWh gas electricity kerosene fuel oil wood biomass LPG coal smokeless propane butane

Last Updated 19th February 2013
ELECTRIC Standard Credit
Direct Debit Prepayment (meter)

Unit (kWh) cost Average annual cost Unit (kWh) cost
Average annual cost Unit (kWh) cost
Average annual cost
Highest 18.26 pence £ 603 15.88 pence £ 524 16.9 pence £ 558
Lowest 13.94 pence £ 460 12.73 pence £ 420 13.82 pence £ 456
Average 15.13 pence £ 499 13.9 pence £ 459 15.2 pence £ 502
An average annual energy consumption of 3,300 kWh is assumed for all calculations, and all figures include VAT

Last Updated 19th February 2013
GAS Standard Credit
Direct Debit 
Prepayment (meter)
  Unit (kWh) cost
Average annual cost Unit (kWh) cost
Average annual cost Unit (kWh) cost
Average annual cost
Highest 4.9 pence £ 882 4.75 pence £ 855 4.78 pence £ 860
Lowest 4.29 pence £ 772 3.97 pence £ 714 4.35 pence £ 783
Average 4.65 pence £ 836 4.28 pence £ 770 4.59 pence £ 827
An average annual energy consumption of 18,000 kWh is assumed for all calculations, and all figures include VAT

Direct debit payment and standard credit are equally used as payment methods for both electricity and gas, and about 15% use prepayment meters.  The figure used for the electrical unit price and the gas unit price in this site is half way between the direct debit tariff and the standard tariff and is currently

  • £ 0.145 per unit (1 kWh) for electricity, last updated  19th February 2013
  • £ 0.045 per unit (1 kWh) for gas, last updated 19th February 2013

Almost all other energy sources are used for heating and hot water, and this is a huge and very important cost element in your accommodation. The table below shows all the heating fuels in common use, there are others (corn pellets, wood chip and even cow dung!) but we only show the main ones in use in the UK. For consistency and sensible comparison with electricity the final price of energy is given as pence per kilowatt hour (kWh). For further clarity this is the amount of potential energy in the fuel, and not the energy delivered from an appliance, it is therfore important that the efficiency of the heating application is also factored into cost calculations within the site and you will see efficiency factors in some of the tables.

Heating Fuels Range of Prices Energy Average Price Used in the Site
Low High
Gas Unit £ 0.043 per unit £ 0.047 per unit 1 kWh per unit £ 0.045 per kWh
Heating Oil (kerosene) litre £ 0.6 per litre3 £ 0.65 per litre3 10 kWh per litre £ 0.066 per kWh
Wood Log ton £ 135 per ton £ 155 per ton 4.2 kWh per kg £ 0.035 per kWh
Wood Chip ton £ 100 per ton £ 110 per ton 3 kWh per kg £ 0.035 per kWh
Wood Pellet ton £ 220 per ton £ 233 per ton 4.5 kWh per kg £ 0.05 per kWh
Coal ton £ 287 per ton £ 298 per ton 9 kWh per kg £ 0.033 per kWh
Smokeless Coal ton £ 351 per ton £ 351 per ton 6 kWh per kg £ 0.059 per kWh
Bulk LPG litre £ 0.492 per litre £ 0.543 per litre 7.08 kWh per litre £ 0.077 per kWh
Butane* 4.5 kg Cylinder £ 16 per cylinder £ 16 per cylinder 13.7 kWh per kg £ 0.26 per kWh
  7 kg Cylinder £ 17.99 per cylinder £ 21.5 per cylinder 13.7 kWh per kg £ 0.206 per kWh
  15 kg Cylinder £ 33 per cylinder £ 33 per cylinder 13.7 kWh per kg £ 0.161 per kWh
Propane* 3.9 kg Cylinder £ 15.5 per cylinder £ 15.5 per cylinder 13.9 kWh per kg £ 0.286 per kWh
  6 kg Cylinder £ 18.5 per cylinder £ 20 per cylinder 13.9 kWh per kg £ 0.231 per kWh
  13 kg Cylinder £ 25.5 per cylinder £ 25.5 per cylinder 13.9 kWh per kg £ 0.141 per kWh
  19 kg Cylinder £ 35 per cylinder £ 35 per cylinder 13.9 kWh per kg £ 0.133 per kWh
  47 kg Cylinder £ 60 per cylinder £ 65 per cylinder 13.9 kWh per kg £ 0.096 per kWh

*Please note that there is usually a rental charge for cylinders of gas of about £ 30.

The prices currently in use on this site are in the bar chart below.

 

More on Fuel Prices

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Extracted Energy from Fuel

For combustible fuels the fuel prices on the home page of this site and in the fuels page indicate the price per kWh of the fuels if burned at close to 100% efficiency. They indicate the maximum extractable, “locked up”, chemical energy within the fuels. No equipment (boiler or fire) burns the fuel with 100% efficiency. So the actual cost per kWh is always higher. This is indicated on many of the pages on this site, showing for example the difference between a modern boiler and an old inefficient boiler.

The table below presents all the main combustible fuels in the UK their 100% price per kWh and efficiencies down to 10%. The shaded areas of the table give some typical examples of equipment and their efficiencies. It is worth taking note of this in for example a decision to replace an old boiler, long term it may be more cost effective than you think.



Fuel Type Effective price (pence) per kWh of delivered energy
taking into account the efficiency of the unit burning the fuel.
Prices last updated 19th February 2013

100%
95%
90%
85%
80%
75%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Gas
4.5 4.7 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.8 7.2 7.7 8.1 8.6
Heating Oil (Kerosene)
6.6 6.9 7.3 7.6 7.9 8.3 8.6 9.2 9.9 10.6 11.2 11.9 12.5
Bulk LPG
7.7 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.2 9.6 10 10.8 11.6 12.3 13.1 13.9 14.6
Typical fully condensing modern boiler Typical of an older inefficient boiler
Wood Chip
3.5 3.7 3.9 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.6 6 6.3 6.7
Wood Pellet
5 5.3 5.5 5.8 6 6.3 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5
Wood Log
3.5 3.7 3.9 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.6 6 6.3 6.7
Coal
3.3 3.5 3.6 3.8 4 4.1 4.3 4.6 5 5.3 5.6 5.9 6.3
Smokeless Coal
5.9 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.1 7.4 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.4 10 10.6 11.2
Typical modern stove Typical open Fire
Butane 4.5kg cylinder
26 27.3 28.6 29.9 31.2 32.5 33.8 36.4 39 41.6 44.2 46.8 49.4
Butane 7kg cylinder
20.6 21.6 22.7 23.7 24.7 25.8 26.8 28.8 30.9 33 35 37.1 39.1
Butane 15kg cylinder
16.1 16.9 17.7 18.5 19.3 20.1 20.9 22.5 24.2 25.8 27.4 29 30.6
Propane 3.9kg cylinder
28.6 30 31.5 32.9 34.3 35.8 37.2 40 42.9 45.8 48.6 51.5 54.3
Propane 6 kg cylinder
23.1 24.3 25.4 26.6 27.7 28.9 30 32.3 34.7 37 39.3 41.6 43.9
Propane 13kg cylinder
14.1 14.8 15.5 16.2 16.9 17.6 18.3 19.7 21.2 22.6 24 25.4 26.8
Propane 19kg cylinder
13.3 14 14.6 15.3 16 16.6 17.3 18.6 20 21.3 22.6 23.9 25.3
Propane 47kg cylinder
9.6 10.1 10.6 11 11.5 12 12.5 13.4 14.4 15.4 16.3 17.3 18.2

Of the many questions from users of this site, the most common one is simply why are my bills so expensive and the questions often come from people in rented accommodation. The reasons in this type of accommodation are often the same, lack of investment in insulation and modern boilers by landlords. The table clearly shows the effect installing modern equipment on your energy bills, but how do you persuade the landlord!

The inefficiency of open fires was a great surprise to me when I first investigated this 5 years ago. It is well worth considering a modern stove as an alternative if you can afford the installation cost.

Price Trends

The below graphs gives the price trend for a unit (kWh) of Gas and Electricity from 2007. The data is from official UK government sources and is a Great Britain average. As you can see the price has gone up a lot in just 6 years with no sign of slowing down.

 
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Site Guidance

All calculations on this site are based on current fuel prices they are checked regularly are automatically updated and were last changed on:-
19th February 2013
For complete clarity, all calculation using current fuel prices are coloured red.
The costs calculated based on these fuel prices should be regarded as 'good estimates', given that fuel prices vary in different parts of the county and at different time of the year.
The calculations also have different levels of accuracy depending on the nature of the calculation. For example calculating the energy use of a known power output TV is very easy compared to calculating the effect on energy savings when insulating a cavity wall.

Site Units

The main units used in this site are in the table below, For a complete explanation of any of these Wikipedia is an excellent resource.

Unit Name Detail
W Watt Unit of Power
kW Kilowatt 1000 watts
kWh Kilowatt hour Measure of Energy
L Litre Measure of Volume

Best Investment table

Measures to reduce fuel bills ROI*
Lagging 1
Loft Insulation 1.9
Cavity Wall Insulation 2.2
Underfloor Insulation 4.2
Solid Wall Insulation 15.1
Solar Hot Water 34
Double Glazing 55.6

*ROI is the time it takes in years to return the investment in fuel savings for an average gas heated 3 bed semi-detached house. The table assumes no government incentive schemes are used.

Renewable Energy Measures ROI**
Heat Pumps
- Replacing Electric
4 to 8
Heat Pumps
- Replacing LPG
15 to 30
Wind Power 14 to 55
Solar Photovoltaics 24 to 64

**ROI is the time it takes in years to return the investment in electricity savings. The table assumes no government incentive schemes are used.

World Power Production

This is the best world enery graphic and simulation tool we have come across so we have put it on the home page! Wish we had done it.

world power generation graph coal oil gas solar wind nuclear biomass

Electrical Energy Cost Calculator

Power (Watts)
Time (Hours)

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